My own aikido teacher, Kushida Sensei, taught the Tokyo Riot Police at one point.
I recently received a question about kendo tokuren and decided to do this short article explaining what I can about the system. As the information isn’t generally available, I can only give a brief/rough outline about how the system works based on what I know about things here in Osaka, or what I have inferred through discussions and reading stuff over the years (I know or have known many tokuren members, and pretty much all my kendo teachers are police pros).
First of all, prefectural police departments have a physical education and technique training dept. called “jutsuka.” Here, full time teachers instruct policemen and women in kendo, judo, taihojutsu (arresting techniques), and marksmanship. All of these disciplines have “special training” or “tokuren” squads where specially selected young police men and women gather and do extra training. Getting into the squad, the number of members, and how long they spend practising, depends on the prefecture and discipline.
Taihojutsu and marksmanship members are selected AFTER people become police men and women. These people don’t really concern us except to compare them with kendo and judo, members of whom apply with the purpose of joining the tokuren and, if they are successful, are specially appointed. Unless you have a long list of competition titles and successes to your name, especially at high school and university level, it’s obviously pretty hard to pass this first barrier. Some people are scouted and encouraged to apply, which can only help.
(If you decide that you want to do kendo professionally, it would be better if you decide early on: picking the right high school and university can increases your changes massively in terms of technical skill acquired as well as opportunity for shiai success.)
Acceptance into the kendo and judo tokuren usually means being given a post in the riot-squad police (kidotai) with the goal of becoming a jutsuka instructor in the future. Most of a tokuren members days will be spent practising their discipline constantly, but they also have to learn other aspects of police work. Riot-squad police remit also includes helping out in disasters (earthquakes, tsunami, etc) as well as protection services during large international events or when foreign VIPs come (e.g. 2007 World Athletic Championships or the upcoming Osaka G20 summit), but in most cases a lot of their time will be spent in the dojo.
Please note that only a small handful of prefectures have large full-time kendo tokuren squads (I don’t know about judo) – Tokyo (Keishicho), Osaka, Kanagawa… I’m not 100% sure (if you have any concrete information please comment below). Many prefectures tokuren quads are smaller than the prefectures listed above, and their members do more “normal” (non-budo related) police work. Osaka, for reference, has about 30 members, with men making up almost the entire squad.
Tokuren members most important aim is shiai. For the Judoka that means aiming for the olympics; for the kendoka it is the All Japan Championships (police and non-police) and, increasingly, the world championships. Other major shiai including the todofuken, kokutai, and tozai-taiko.
Over the course of their tokuren career, if someone is unable to make the physical or technical grade, cannot perform on the shiai-jo, or something happens to them that makes them unable to physically withstand the training, they face the danger of being removed from the squad and re-assigned to some other department. And note that the tokuren “career” is fairly short: until about 36 years old, that is, 15 years in total (if you join straight from high school you’ll have an extra 4 years).
At this point tokuren members have already had a tough life: getting accepted into the tokuren in the first place, surviving years of harsh training, pressure to perform at shiai, terrible civil-servant salary, etc. etc, but the worst is to come – lack of career advancement. There are only a certain number of kendo teachers spots in a prefecture and in order for you to get a spot you must not only have had success at shiai over your tokuren career, but there must be an opening for you.
At this point your average ex-tokuren member has three choices:
1 – stick it out and attempt to become a teacher;
2 – return to normal police work (I say “return” but for some tokuren members this will be their first “real” police work);
3 – quit the police force entirely and do something else.
2 – return to normal police work (I say “return” but for some tokuren members this will be their first “real” police work);
3 – quit the police force entirely and do something else.
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